Basant Festival

            

                                                            BASANT FESTIVAL

In almost all the countries of the world. Spring season is greeted and celebrated with unusual pomp and show. The spring fair of Iran is well-known all over the world. Like other countries of the world people of Pakistan also greet and celebrate the arrival of spring in the from of Basant with unique fervor and zeal now a days. Now there are officially encouraged sponsored and patronized Basant festivals in every city and town of the country.

Historically, Basant was first celebrated in 1764 as a Hindu festival. One Haqiqat Rai a Hindu was given capital punishment for making some bitter remarks about the holy Prophet (PBUH) and his family. After the fall of the Muslims at the hands of the Sikhs in the Punjab the same haqiqat Rai became a Hindu Martyr. The Hindus put on Basant dress and commemorated his death day today historical background has gone into oblivion. Now Basant is simply a welcome occasion for the spring people seem bound to celebrate spring they claim. Aya Basant, Pala urrant

Basant approaches winter recedes. Unmindful of religious aspect people of Pakistan have great passion for spring. There are social gatherings and cultural shows in the form of Basant Festival in every city and town of the country. There is a lot of entertainment and enjoyment around. But Basant is enthusiastically welcomed and celebrated with kite-flying. Now Basant is synonymous with kite-flying in Pakistan. On the same appointed day people fly kites for the whole night and the proceeding day. Parties are arranged. Feasts are served. There is the loud noise of crackers fire-works gun-firing loud-music drum beating and Bo Kata around.

Corruption

                                    

                                                               CORRUPTION 

 Corruption is a word wide evil. It is a deep rooted evil that has eaten into the vitals of society and made mincemeat of morality truth and virtue corruption means dishonest practices. It has permeated through social economic political and religious spheres of life. Like the air we breathe it has become all pervasive and entered every field of life.

Corruption is the mother of all evils. Favoritism and nepotism have taken deep roots Misappropriation of public money bad debts and misuse of powers are on the increase. Corruption has gained roots in our society because of the corruption have completely failed in their mission.

Trade commerce and industry government and private institutions religion an politics are all in the grip of corruption. It has also infected hospitals educational institutions and courts of justice. Prevalence of corruption has created disappointment and discontent among the people.

The distinction between right and wrong is disappearing Pakistan is suffering from the evil of corruption. There are many factors that are responsible for corruption.

General economic condition of our country is very poor. Everyone wants to become a rich person within one night. The standard of life is rising. Everyone wants to have all facilities of modern life high prices of things of dally  use have broken the back of a common man. In order to  realize the dreams of a high standard of life he tries to collect money by fair or foul means. The salaries of government servants re very small. They find it very difficult to meet their expenses with their small income. Therefore they are tempted to accept bribe.

In order to uproot corruption from our society a complete change of social economic and political system of necessary. There must be some strong system of accountability. Exemplary punishments must be given to the defaulters without any exemption. The salaries of the government servants should be raised to a reasonable level so that they may live honorably. Merit policy should be observed strictly. The motive of corruption must be removed. Wide discretionary powers should be taken away from individual officials. The anti corruption department should be made more effective. In short we can purge our society of corruption if we follow the teachings of Islam 

Careers For Women

                                           

                                                            CAREERS FOR WOMEN

In the past women were not considered equal to men ton any field of life. They were treated like slaves. Their main profession was to obey and entertain their husbands. But now the situation has entirely changed. Women have become conscious of their duties rights and privileges. They have started taking part in almost every field of life.

Education may be a luxury to a few fortunate women but to an average middle class woman education is means of earning her livelihood. Woman has realized that she is a burden on her parents during the days of her youth. Then this burden Is thrown on the shoulders of her husband. In her old age she is a burden on her son or on his wife. So she gets education with a view to leading an independent life. There are many professions which can be adopted by the girls.

Advertising is an attractive career for girls with imagination. Advertising pays as much as certain other jobs. Girls with attractive and charming personality have already occupied the screen of T.V. to display and advertise the products of different companies. Women can become newscasters also. They can be trained in this respect.

Uses And Abuses Internet

                                                                  USES AND ABUSES OF INTERNET

In the fast growing world of communication, internet is comparatively a new entrant but it has brought about a great revolution in the field of communication. In a very short span of time, it has linked together the whole world. In simple terms, internet means the connection of a large number of computers with one another, now, through internet, almost all the computers of the world are interconnected with one another. Seen in this context, internet has transformed the world into a global village in real terms.

Internet is replete with countless advantages. It has made possible man’s access to countless websites, informative programmers, scientific discoveries, global, political, and social, economic and cultural developments, world events and happenings, great libraries, treasures of knowledge, vast information and entertainment and much more. Then, internet is proving a low-cost source of chatting communication and exchange of ideas and information. Through internet, a student can consult great libraries and scholars, a doctor can learn about advancement is medicines and surgery; an adventurer can explore the remote comers of the world, a job seeker can observe job-advertisements and ambitious person can find his life partner also.

Unfortunately, the wrong and corrupt use of internet has also made it a great curse and nuisance. Many people use internet for vulgar chatting nude films and immoral programmers, in Pakistan, there is a mushroom growth of Net-Cafes and computer-centers where in specially designed private cabins along with young boys and girl, elderly people and small children too are seen busy in doing vulgar chatting and watching immoral programmers. This thing not only destroys their moral character but also wastes most of their precious time. Moreover, it is playing have with all our religious, social, moral and cultural values. Then, Internet is used to spread disinformation, rumors, sensational news, poisonous propaganda and computer virus. All this causes a large-scale harm. As internet has confined the people to four-walls, healthful activities like sports, games, social, gatherings, cultural activities, sharing of feelings, etc are vanishing away rapidly

Internet should only be used as a source of vast information, fast communication and positive entertainment. Its wise and proper use can make it a real blessing for one and all         

Mobile Phone

                                                                       MOBILE PHONE                                                                                                                                                                                           Mobile phone is comparatively a new addition to the already present gadgets for communication like telephone, telegraph, wireless, etc. But in a short span of time, It is getting indispensable commodity throughout the world. Like other countries of the world, it is getting popular in Pakistan day by day. Now more and more Pakistan is are using mobile phones. With the sheer rise of competition among the cellular companies, the service rates are falling down day by day and it is being predicated that by 2007, the number of subscribers will be five million is Pakistan. At present, four companies namely Mobilink, Insta, Paktel, Warid, and U-Phone are in the race while some new companies are in the offing. Latest models of mobile phones in different sizes and colure and with ever increasing functions and facilities arrive in the marker day in and day out. No doubt, present age may be called the mobile age.

In the present age of fast communication, mobile phone has totally become indispensable. Its proper and aide is no less than a blessing for us. Its ever improving services are attracting and forcing people to buy it no doubt, mobile phone and its services are expensive in Pakistan. But it is hopes that with become cheap and affordable for everyone. The government should set up mobile manufacturing units in the country to provide low-cost but durable and latest mobile sets. It should also try to assure low rate but better mobile service in the country. 

To Prepare A V-Block

                     To prepare a v-Block

Procedure:

First of all clean and lubricate all the machine.

Moves cross slide towards the column face and stop it nearest position

Clamp the work piece between the vice jaws of appropriate height over strips

Remove arbor support from over arm & arbor with great care

Adjust milling cutter nearest the column face with the help of spacing collar

During the adjustment of milling cutter decides that friction of cutting teeth towards the fix jaw

Clamp arbor support nearest the cutter

Measure the diameter of cutter and calculate R.P.M by using this formula

R.P.M=C.S*1000/3.1416*D

Calculate the feed rate by using this formula

Feed rate=No of tooth*R.P.M* feed per tooth

Set work piece for up milling

To take depth of cut and starts machine & keep a paper between running cutter & work piece then move upward slowly the machine table.

To take possible depth of cut use the feed handle after this start coolant

After the use of coolant starts auto feed

Starts machining the 1^st side and take it as reference

Then set the reference side with fixed jaw of vice & complete planning of 2^nd side

Repeats this process until the required size is obtained

Then clamp work piece in vertical position as right angle accurately

Plain both ends of work piece obtain required length using depth of cut

Remove plain milling cutter &set 90 degree angular milling cutter on the arbor

Remove the work piece from the vice and layout it

Clamp the work piece in the vice according to the layout or operation

Level the job across the milling cutter & clear the job to take a depth of cut

Start v-slot by taking the depth of cut of 1mm in each turn

In case of v-slot  in opposite side unclamped the work piece &then clamp to cut the v-slot in opposite side

Start v-slot by taking the depth of cut of 2mm in each turn &repeat it until required size

Clamp 10mm with side milling cutter after removing angular milling cutter

After clamping the work piece engraved center line

Start slotting by taking the cut of 1mm in each and repeat it upto required size

Cut the 2^nd slot as previous operation

After completing the job clear all the burrs by filling

Clean up the machine and switch of all the machine control

Prepare A Square Bar

                  

                   Prepare a Square Bar

Procedure:

First of all clean and lubricate the milling machine.

Moves cross slide towards the column and stop it nearest position.

Clamp the specimen between the vice jaws of appropriate height over the strips.

Remove arbor-support from over arm with great care.

Adjust milling cutter nearest the column face with the help of spacing collar.

During the adjustment of milling cutter decides that the direction of milling cutter (cutting teeth) towards the fix jaw.

Clamp arbor support nearest the cutter.

Measure the diameter of cutter and calculate R.P.M by using this formula…..!

R.P.M= C.S*1000/3.1416

Calculate the feed rate by using this formula given below

Feed Rate=R.P.M*No of teeth*Feed per tooth

Set the specimen for up milling

To take the depth of cut starts machine and keep a paper between running cutter

When paper slip away then stop the movement of machine table

To take the possible depth of cuts use the feed handle after this start coolant

Start machining the first side with fix jaws of vice and complete the planning of second side

Repeats this process unit the required size is obtained

Clamp specimen in vertical position at right angle accurately

Plain both sides of specimen and obtained required length using low depth of cut

Remove all the burrs by filling

Clean up all the machine and return back tool

Switch off all the machine control.